Stem Cell Blog

Употребата на матичните клетки од папочна врвца рапидно се зголемува. Пред 10 години крвта од папочна врвца можеше да лекува околу 40 состојби, но денес таа бројка е над 80. Со нетрпение очекуваме нови терапии за болести и нарушувања како што се дијабет, аутизам и мозочен удар, можете да бидете во тек со најновите случувања во регенеративната медицина на нашиот блог за матични клетки.



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A recent phase 1 trial has found that umbilical cord stem cell eye drops could help relieve the symptoms of dry eye for patients with a severe, treatment-resistant form of the condition​.

What is dry eye? 

Dry eye is a chronic condition where either the eyes do not produce enough tears or the tears produced dry up too quickly.[1] Normally, tears spread over the surface of the eyes every time you blink, keeping it moist and protected and washing away any debris.[2] If there aren’t enough tears, your eyes can become irritated and feel very uncomfortable. Severe dry eye can lead to vision problems, infection and damage to the eye.[1]

Dry eye is a fairly common condition, frequently caused by ageing, with up to a third of people aged 65 of over suffering from it. Other issues that can affect the eyes can also cause dry eye. This includes excessive screen use, living or working somewhere overly dry, overuse of contact lenses, allergies or eye surgery. Autoimmune diseases such as lupus or Sjögren syndrome can also be at fault.[3]

Treatment options for dry eye vary depending on the severity. For mild cases of the condition, regular use of non-prescription eye drops (artificial tears) can be enough. For more severe cases, treatment options can include special contact lenses, prescription medicine to decrease inflammation or increase tear production, and even plugging the tear ducts to prevent tears from draining away too quickly.[4]

Unfortunately, however, there remain cases of severe dry eye that are resistant to any treatment, leaving patients with a reduced quality of life and at risk of vision loss.

What did the trial find?

The trial explored eye drops containing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the umbilical cord as a treatment for severe, treatment-resistant dry eye.[5] It included 16 patients with the condition, as well as 15 healthy subjects who received no treatment, but served as a control to highlight and identify the extent of the dry eye symptoms in the treatment group. Five of the participants had dry eye caused by Sjögren syndrome, which reduces tear production and often causes more severe symptoms than non-Sjögren dry eye.

Patients used the MSC eye drops twice a day for two weeks, in both eyes. Researchers assessed how well the treatment worked based on patient-reported eye discomfort, as well as objective tests to determine the health of the cornea, levels of tear production, and how quickly tears evaporated. They also evaluated how well meibomian glands worked: these glands are responsible for producing the oily outer layer of tears that keep them from evaporating too quickly. Safety was rigorously monitored throughout the trial.

The treatment had positive results in patients, significantly easing most signs and symptoms of dry eye by the four-week follow-up visit. The improvements were particularly significant in terms of tear production, as well as less damage to the surface of the eye. Meibomian glands also worked better and were found to be less obstructed. Moreover, the quality of tears improved and discomfort lessened, though only reaching statistical significance in non-Sjögren patients.

Tear composition analysis offered potential insights into how the treatment worked. After the treatment, tears had lower levels of inflammatory proteins, as well as higher levels of Mucin 5AC, a protein which helps with the lubrication of the surface of the eye. This suggests that it is the anti-inflammatory properties of the umbilical cord MSCs that are working to relieve symptoms.

The healing potential of umbilical cord stem cells

Because this was a first-in-human, small scale preliminary trial, more research is needed before this treatment for dry eye can become readily available. Still, the promising results underscore the strong potential of umbilical cord stem cells for the treatment of not just dry eye, but also other conditions and diseases that currently have no real cure.

To learn how you could preserve your baby’s umbilical cord for potential future treatment use should they ever need it, fill in the form below to receive our free guide.

References

[1] Mayo Clinic (2022). Dry eyes – Symptoms and causes. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dry-eyes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371863

[2] American Academy of Ophthalmology (2019). What Is Dry Eye? https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/what-is-dry-eye

[3] Moorfields Private (2024). The dreaded dry eye. https://www.moorfields.nhs.uk/private/refer-to-us/for-healthcare-professionals/news-and-articles/the-dreaded-dry-eye

[4] Mayo Clinic (2019). Dry eyes – Diagnosis and treatment. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dry-eyes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20371869

[5] Zhang, D., et al. (2025). A first-in-human, prospective pilot trial of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell eye drops therapy for patients with refractory non-Sjögren’s and Sjögren’s syndrome dry eye disease. Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 16(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04292-8


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A recent study published in the Lancet journal has shown that stem cells have been used to bring about significant improvements in vision in what’s being heralded as a world first.

The stem cell treatment focused on the repair of the cornea which becomes damaged in limbal stem-cell deficiency (LSCD), a disease that can lead to blindness.

It’s hoped that these findings could have a huge impact on how those with the disease are treated and that it could underpin future therapy options for those suffering from sight loss. [1]

What is LSCD? 

Limbal stem-cell deficiency (or LSCD) is a disease characterised by the loss or deficiency of stem cells in the limbus, the border between the cornea and the sclera. These stem cells are crucial to the maintenance and repair of the limbus, in addition to ensuring the continuation of its barrier function.

Problems with limbal stem cells can lead to the epithelial breakdown of the cornea resulting in inflammation, scarring and potential vision loss.

LSCD has a variety of causes ranging from genetics to acquired causes like inflammation, infection, and trauma and injury. Management of the disease differs depending on the stage of its progression.

At the early stage, managing symptoms can be sufficient to alleviate its impact on quality of life. However, more progressed instances of LSCD require surgery which usually means transplants from key parts of donor eyes. [2]

What did the stem cell study involve?

The study focused on four patients, two men and two women, aged between 39 and 72 who had all been diagnosed with LCSD in both eyes.

Researchers then derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from donated cord blood and used to fabricate corneal epithelial stem-progenitor cells. These were then cultured and transformed into a thin sheet, iPSC-derived corneal epithelial cell sheets (iCEPS).

After removing a layer of scar tissue covering the cornea in one eye in each of the patients, the iCEPS sheet was transplanted on top and covered with a contact lens to protect the graft.

Patients were then monitored continuously to determine safety outcomes for a period of two years. [3]

What were the results of the stem cell study?

Throughout the whole of the two year safety observation period no serious adverse events occurred. The transplant was accepted by the patients without rejection and without tumour formation. In fact, researchers reported that two of the patients even forwent immunosuppressant drugs.

Following the transplant, all four patients saw immediate improvements in their vision during the first year and three out of four patients experienced sustained improvements in their vision and quality of life beyond one year.

These results are hugely encouraging and the research team, based at Osaka University in Japan, hope to move to a larger scale clinical trial to verify their promising findings. [4]

What does this mean for cord blood banking?

As the results of this trial show, stem cells have huge regenerative potential and are at the forefront of medicine, with researchers still coming to terms with the breadth of their applications.

While this study focused on the use of induced pluripotent stem cells derived from cord blood, other types of stem cells can be found in the umbilical cord and placenta, such as haematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, that similarly have enormous potential in the field of regenerative medicine.

Unfortunately, the umbilical cord and placenta are often regarded as mere medical waste, meaning that these stem cells get thrown away. But by storing these stem cells in a process called cord blood banking, you can ensure that your baby always has their own stem cells available for use in future therapies.

If you or someone you know is expecting and wants to know more about the power of stem cells and how they can be stored for future use, fill out the form below to request a free Welcome Pack.

References

[1] Soma, Takeshi et al. (2024). ‘Induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived corneal epithelium for transplant surgery: a single-arm, open-label, first-in-human interventional study in Japan’. The Lancet. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01764-1. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01764-1

[2] Karakus, S. (2024, August 2). Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency. American Academy of Opthalmology. https://eyewiki.org/Limbal_Stem_Cell_Deficiency

[3] Mallapaty, S. (2024, November 8). World-first stem-cell treatment restores vision in people. Nature. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-03656-z

[4] Mahindra, A. S. (2024, November 10). Biggest Blindness Breakthrough: Japan Performs World’s First Stem Cell-treatment To Restore Vision. Times Now. https://www.timesnownews.com/health/biggest-blindness-breakthrough-japan-performs-worlds-first-stem-cell-treatment-to-restore-vision-article-115144553


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Medical regulators in the UK have approved a gene-editing treatment involving bone marrow stem cells designed to cure two blood diseases, including sickle cell disease, in what is a world first.

The therapy, called Casgevy, has been given the green light by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) to treat sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia, two painful blood conditions. [1]